Cummins X15 CM2350 X116B Performance Series (2018 & Newer) Fault Code: 441 PID: PID 168 SPN: 168 FMI: 18 Battery 1 Voltage- Data Valid But Below Normal Operational Range- Moderately Severe Level

Circuit Description
The engine control module (ECM) receives constant voltage from the batteries through the unswitched battery wires that are connected directly to the positive (+) battery post. The ECM receives switched battery input through the vehicle keyswitch wire when the vehicle keyswitch is turned ON.

Component Location
The ECM is connected to the battery by the OEM harness. This direct link provides a constant power supply for the ECM. The location of the battery will vary with the original equipment manufacturer (OEM). Refer to the OEM service manual.

Conditions for Running the Diagnostics
This diagnostic runs continuously when the keyswitch is in the ON position or when the engine is running.

Conditions for Setting the Fault Codes
The Engine Control Module (ECM) detected the main battery supply voltage was less than 9-VDC.

Action Taken When the Fault Code is Active
The ECM illuminates the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately when the diagnostic runs and fails.
Conditions for Clearing the Fault Code
To validate the repair, perform a key cycle, and leave the key in the ON position for 1 minute.
The fault code status displayed by INSITE™ electronic service tool will change to INACTIVE immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
The ECM will turn off the amber CHECK ENGINE lamp immediately after the diagnostic runs and passes.
The Reset All Faults command in INSITE™ electronic service tool can be used to clear active and inactive faults, as well as extinguish the MIL for OBD applications.

Shop Talk
Verify that the ECM unswitched power supply is coming from the batteries and not the starter or other device. Check for possible weak batteries.
If the ECM unswitched battery supply is taken from the starter, check for low voltage during cranking. Low voltage during cranking can cause the ECM power supply to drop below specifications and log Fault Code 441.
Reference the appropriate OEM wiring diagram when troubleshooting circuits that utilize wiring supplied by the OEM.

Possible Cause:
1) Loose Connections/ Terminals
2) Battery Failure
3) Fuses
4) OEM power harness
5) ECM calibration